Summary about Disease
Varicose veins are enlarged, twisted veins that appear close to the skin's surface. They commonly occur in the legs and ankles. They are caused by weakened valves and veins in your legs, which allow blood to pool, leading to swelling and discomfort. While generally not dangerous, they can be unsightly and sometimes painful.
Symptoms
Bulging, twisted, bluish or dark purple veins
Aching or heavy feeling in legs
Burning, throbbing, muscle cramping and swelling in lower legs
Pain worsens after sitting or standing for a long time
Itching around one or more of your veins
Skin discoloration around the veins (in severe cases)
Causes
Weakened or damaged valves in veins
Increased blood pressure within the veins (often due to standing/sitting for long periods)
Pregnancy
Obesity
Age (increased risk with age)
Family history of varicose veins
Gender (more common in women)
Hormonal changes
Medicine Used
Compression stockings: To improve blood flow.
Sclerotherapy: Injection of a solution into the veins to close them.
Laser therapy: Using laser to close off smaller varicose veins and spider veins.
Endovenous ablation therapy: Using heat to close off a larger varicose vein.
Vein stripping: Surgical removal of a long vein through small incisions.
Phlebectomy: Removal of smaller varicose veins through tiny skin punctures.
Medications: Rarely medications are used to treat varicose veins directly, but pain relievers like ibuprofen or acetaminophen might be used for discomfort.
Is Communicable
Varicose veins are not communicable. They are not caused by an infectious agent and cannot be transmitted from person to person.
Precautions
Avoid standing or sitting for long periods.
Maintain a healthy weight.
Exercise regularly.
Elevate your legs when resting.
Wear compression stockings.
Avoid tight clothing around the waist and legs.
Avoid high heels.
How long does an outbreak last?
Varicose veins are not an "outbreak" type of condition. They develop gradually over time. Once present, they typically do not go away on their own. Without treatment, they can worsen over time.
How is it diagnosed?
Physical exam: A doctor will examine your legs, looking for visible varicose veins and swelling.
Duplex ultrasound: This noninvasive test uses sound waves to create images of the veins and check blood flow. It can help identify blood clots.
Timeline of Symptoms
The timeline of symptoms can vary greatly from person to person.
Early Stages: May be asymptomatic (no symptoms) or present with only minor aching or visible veins.
Progression: Over months or years, symptoms may worsen. Veins become more prominent, aching and swelling increase, skin changes may develop.
Advanced Stages: Pain, skin ulcers, blood clots, and significant swelling can occur if left untreated.
Important Considerations
Varicose veins are a chronic condition, and treatment may only manage symptoms rather than cure the problem.
Treatment options should be discussed with a doctor to determine the most appropriate approach.
Lifestyle changes can significantly impact the progression and severity of varicose veins.
Although often considered a cosmetic issue, varicose veins can lead to serious complications if left untreated. Seek medical advice if you experience significant pain, skin changes, or blood clots.